France also plans to maintain its base at N'Djamena Chad – where Paris is widely perceived as supporting the Déby clan's continued dynastic rule in the presidency of President Mahamat Idriss Déby Itno 'Kaka' despite initial efforts to promote a more inclusive transition...

The October demonstrations demanding greater democracy than the limited 'inclusive' coalition formed by Interim President Mahamat Idriss Déby Itno 'Kaka' with former oppositionists were met with extreme violence by security forces and at least 60 people were killed and hundreds wounded (AC Vol 63 No 22 Massacre threatens transition plan)...

Interim President Mahamat Idriss Déby Itno 'Kaka' and his 'inclusive' new government which boasts reconciled oppositionists and reformed militia leaders is in deep crisis after security forces many in plain clothes unleashed a wave of deadly violence against demonstrators in N'Djamena and the southern cities of Moundou Sahr Koumra and Doba on 20 October the date when the military had initially pledged to hand power back to the civilians...

He and President Mahamat Idriss Déby Itno 'Kaka' both claimed in their statements that the demonstrations were intended to kick off a popular uprising and that about 1 500 young marchers had previously received military training abroad with this in mind...

The next day Hemeti went to Chad with security officials to meet President Mahamat Idriss Déby...

A few weeks later the new French foreign and defence ministers Catherine Colonna and Sébastien Lecornu also dropped in on the Nigérien president who had in the meantime visited his Ivorian and Chadian counterparts Alassane Ouattara and Mahamat Déby and signed a defence accord with Benin...

Paris worries at the lack of progress in the Chad talks hosted by Doha which are supposed to find an arrangement between several armed groups and the regime led by Gen Mahamat Idriss Déby 'Kaka' son of the late ruler Idriss Déby Itno (AC Vol 62 No 9 Death on the front line a coup and then an about turn)...

These are the details that were due to be worked out on 16 February when President Emmanuel Macron hosted the presidents of G5 Sahel members Mauritania Niger and Chad Mohamed Ould Ghazouani Mohamed Bazoum and Mahamat Déby...

Some also speculate that Russia could encourage Chadian armed groups such as FACT and UFR to launch operations from Libya and CAR to further weaken the problematic transition in Chad led by Mahamat Idriss Déby (Idriss Déby Itno's son)...

Kaboré – who met with President Emmanuel Macron President Bazoum and interim Chadian leader Mahamat Déby on the margins of the Libya conference in Paris on 12 November – was comfortably re-elected last year...