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Vol 66 No 20

Published 10th October 2025


Zimbabwe

State capture threatens mining reforms

A long-delayed bill aims to modernise the mining industry but may entrench elite control due to legal ambiguities and weak oversight

Zimbabwe’s parliament is mulling a plan to modernise one of Africa’s most mineral-rich economies – but the long-delayed Mines and Minerals Bill may consolidate rather than challenge the discretionary power that has defined the sector for decades. The bill, gazetted in June 2025 after a fraught decade of drafts and rejections, seeks to replace the outdated Mines and Minerals Act of 1961 with a digital cadastre system, clearer prospecting rules, and expanded representation for small-scale miners.

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