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Peace talks falter as M23 tightens its grip on the Kivus

Massad Boulos and Félix Tshisekedi, September 2025. @US_SrAdvisorAF
Massad Boulos and Félix Tshisekedi, September 2025. @US_SrAdvisorAF

Kinshasa balks at signing economic framework as Kigali-backed rebels consolidate territorial gains and set up proto-state

The pressure is mounting on Massad Boulos, senior Africa advisor to United States President Donald Trump, after the latest setback to his efforts to corral Congo-Kinshasa and Rwanda into a peace and security agreement underwritten by a mining accord. The signing of an economic cooperation deal due on 3 October was called off, with both Kinshasa and Kigali blaming each other for violating earlier commitments. Both parties are stalling in the three-track negotiations – in Addis Ababa, Doha and Washington DC – that Boulos has been trying to broker since he brought the foreign ministers of Congo-Kinshasa and Rwanda to sign a statement of intent on 27 June at the US State Department. The plan was to expedite negotiations for the mineral-security accord then Congo-Kinshasa President Félix Tshisekedi and his Rwandan counterpart Paul Kagame would sign a peace treaty in the White House within a month. It would have been promoted by President Trump’s supporters as another reason for him to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

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ZANU-PF succession fight goes public as schisms deepen

President Mnangagwa is welcomed by Vice-Presidents Constantino Chiwenga and Kembo Mohadi at the Robert Gabriel Mugabe International Airport, September 2024. Pic: @ZANUPF_Official
President Mnangagwa is welcomed by Vice-Presidents Constantino Chiwenga and Kembo Mohadi at the Robert Gabriel Mugabe International Airport, September 2024. Pic: @ZANUPF_Official

Vice-President Chiwenga accuses President Mnangagwa’s allies of looting US$3.2 billion from party coffers and demands arrests

The annual conference of the Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front’s (ZANU-PF), which veers between sycophantic theatre and high-stakes factional drama, is set to host a fiery confrontation when...


State capture threatens mining reforms

Winston Chitando. Pic: zim.gov.zw
Winston Chitando. Pic: zim.gov.zw

A long-delayed bill aims to modernise the mining industry but may entrench elite control due to legal ambiguities and weak oversight

Zimbabwe’s parliament is mulling a plan to modernise one of Africa’s most mineral-rich economies – but the long-delayed Mines and Minerals Bill may consolidate rather than challenge the...


Offering economic upswing, Hassan cracks down on opposition

TANZANIA: STRONG GROWTH. LOW INFLATION, INCREASING DEBT. Copyright © Africa Confidential 2025
TANZANIA: STRONG GROWTH. LOW INFLATION, INCREASING DEBT. Copyright © Africa Confidential 2025

Bans on opposition parties make the ruling party’s victory a formality but there are questions on jobs and revenues

President Samia Suluhu Hassan and the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party are approaching presidential and parliamentary elections on 29 October, from which the leading opposition party Chadema...


Jihadist fighters advance as governments stall

AFRICA: MAJOR JIHADIST ATTACKS 2025. Copyright © Africa Confidential 2025
AFRICA: MAJOR JIHADIST ATTACKS 2025. Copyright © Africa Confidential 2025

Al Shabaab tries to regain the initiative in Somalia, Mozambique’s Cabo Delgado is jolted by fresh attacks and the Sahel is the most lethal region

The global spotlight has shifted away from Africa’s jihadist wars, but the violence has not. As western military forces disengage and attention shifts to Ukraine and Gaza, militant...


Marshalling anger over Museveni’s record

Pic: @KagutaMuseveni
Pic: @KagutaMuseveni

Opposition activists want the government’s record on schools and healthcare to be central in the 2026 election campaign

New research exposing systematic government failures across health, education, and infrastructure reveals why Uganda ranks 157th out of 193 countries in the UN’s Human Development Index in 2024-25,...


Oppositionists struggle to unite on challenger to Biya

President Paul Biya and his wife Chantal together with a delegation in Maroua, October 2025. Pic: @PR_Paul_BIYA
President Paul Biya and his wife Chantal together with a delegation in Maroua, October 2025. Pic: @PR_Paul_BIYA

As his rivals bicker on the eve of the election, the President took a holiday in Geneva and promoted some generals

The campaign by Cameroon’s opposition coalition has been picking up speed but too slowly to unite and present a serious challenge to 92-year-old President Paul Biya in elections...


Newsmakers: Kenyan youths in court

Saba Saba Day
Saba Saba Day

The trials of over 50 activists charged with treason for offences linked to the 25 June protests against police killings and the 7 July Saba Saba (‘Seven Seven’)...


From resistance to rebuilding

Pic: khartoumerr.org
Pic: khartoumerr.org

For the second year in a row, they are nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, but on the ground their work is getting ever more difficult. After the...


New deal, old questions

Nasser Bourita and Kaja Kallas. Pic: @Marocdiplo_EN
Nasser Bourita and Kaja Kallas. Pic: @Marocdiplo_EN

The EU signed off on a new trade agreement with Morocco on 4 October that will include goods from the disputed Western Sahara region. The deal has been...


Tigray’s widening schisms are threatening regional security

ENDF members in Tigray, 2020. Pic: @AbiyAhmedAli
ENDF members in Tigray, 2020. Pic: @AbiyAhmedAli

The leaders in Addis Ababa and Asmara are picking sides in Tigray and could break apart the 2022 peace deal

Persistent fears of renewed large-scale war in northern Ethiopia stem from the failings of the Pretoria peace agreement – radical in ambition, limited in scope. In 2022, Prime...


How Trump’s tariffs help Beijing in Africa

AFRICA: TRADE WITH CHINA REMAINS IMBALANCED. Copyright © Africa Confidential 2025
AFRICA: TRADE WITH CHINA REMAINS IMBALANCED. Copyright © Africa Confidential 2025

While Beijing has sharpened its trade offer to the continent, US protectionism has triggered record African imports of Chinese goods


A referendum redux

William Ruto. Pic: @WilliamsRuto
William Ruto. Pic: @WilliamsRuto

Many see the constitutional reform bill as a means for leaders to carve out new jobs and entrench their political control