François Gérard Georges Nicolas Hollande

Macron has steadily rebuilt the French aid budget that during François Hollande's presidency shrank to 0...

President François Hollande started to break the pattern by consulting African intellectuals and anti-corruption activists on policy...

'Is it necessary to recall that when France intervened in 2013 President François Hollande had clearly said that France's intervention had three objectives: destroy terrorism install the authority of the state on the whole territory apply the United Nations resolutions...

The role of Le Drian who was Defence Minister under Macron's predecessor François Hollande was greater than that of Florence Parly the current Defence Minister...

Conakry also played host to a series of more democratically inclined old friends including Tony Blair and two former French presidents: François Hollande and Nicolas Sarkozy who had reportedly brokered the truce between Condé's government and the Israel-based minerals magnate Beny Steinmetz after a protracted battle over the unexplored iron ore reserves in Guinea's remote southeast (AC Vol 60 No 5 A surprise reunion)...

In September 2013 France's President François Hollande and President Armando Guebuza presided over a ceremony in the port of Cherbourg to celebrate the Mozambican order of interceptor boats and trawlers which rescued 400 jobs with Privinvest subsidiary Constructions mécaniques de Normandie (CMN)...

Le Drian who was defence minister under ex-President François Hollande had €24 million in his pocket for President Faustin-Archange Touadéra's government for aid projects budget support and weapons...

When François Hollande the Parti Socialiste candidate swept Sarkozy from power in 2012 Farnaud was appointed Thales's chief in Africa...

The defence theme continues the policy established by Macron's predecessor François Hollande when he despatched French troops to Mali in 2013...

He spent six months in Nigeria early in his civil service career and later as François Hollande's economy adviser and then minister he inevitably had dealings with Africa though in contrast to many French politicians he has avoided claiming to have a special empathy with the continent...

Defence Minister and de facto Monsieur Afrique for President François Hollande Jean-Yves Le Drian was a key leader of Socialist Party support for Macron's presidential candidacy...

Macron will be carrying on former President François Hollande's policy of making security in Mali a European Union responsibility instead of a purely French one...